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The steps that genuinely reduce dementia risk — and the ones that don't do as much as claimed

Yes, dementia risk can often be lowered, and some people may slow progression by treating other health problems and keeping the brain and body active. The biggest practical steps are controlling blood pressure, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol, exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, sleeping well, staying socially connected, and protecting hearing and head health. These measures cannot guarantee prevention, because age and genetics also matter, but they can support brain health.